Page 673 - ES 2020-21_Volume-1-2 [28-01-21]

300 Economic Survey 2020-21 Volume 2

of thermal, 45,699 MW of hydro, 6,780 MW of nuclear, and 89,636 MW of renewables and
others. The capacity addition in the power sector was mainly driven by the Government in the
year FY20 (Figure 41).

8.66 The decline in energy deficit may be partially attributed to enhanced energy efficiency
and improved energy intensity in India. Energy intensity is defined as the quantity of energy
required to produce a unit of output. Therefore, lower the energy intensity better it is. The
energy intensity of India (at 2011-12 prices) decreased from 65.6 toes per crore rupees in FY12
to 55.43 toe per crore rupees in FY19 (Figure 42). At the same time, the per capita consumption
increased from 0.47 toe in FY12 to 0.58 toe in FY19.

8.67 In 2014, GoI approved the Integrated Power Development Scheme (IPDS) to facilitate
state utilities to ensure quality and reliable 24x7 power supply in the urban areas with a total
outlay of ` 32,612 crores. So far, projects worth ` 30,991 crores have been sanctioned to the
States and the distribution strengthening has been completed in 442 of the 546 circles till the end
of September-2020. Further, the country has already accomplished two major landmarks in rural
electrification arena: (i) 100 per cent village electrification under Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram
Joyti Yojana, and (ii) universal household electrification under ‘Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har
Ghar Yojana’ (Saubhaagya).

Figure 41: Capacity Addition in Figure 42: Energy intensity and Per capita
Power (in MW) Consumption trend (2011-2019)

25000 0.61 68
0.59 0.58 66
Central State Private 65.6
20000 0.57 0.56 64
0.55 0.54 62
0.53 60
15000 0.53 0.52 58
0.51 0.50 0.50 56

10000 0.49 0.47 55.4 54
0.47 52
0.45 50
5000
FY12 FY13 FY14 FY15 FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19
0 Per Capita Engergy Consumption (in toe, LHS)
FY16 FY17 FY18 FY19 FY20 Energy Intensity (toe per crore ₹, RHS)

Source: Survey calculations based on Ministry of Source: Survey calculations based on Ministry of
Power data. Power data.

8.68 T&D losses have been declining since 2001-02 but are still substantial (Figure 44). As
compared to the T&D losses of the peer countries, India’s T&D are very high (Figure 43).

Mining Sector

8.69 Minerals are valuable natural resources that are finite and play a key role in the overall
economic development. The mining sector is one of the core sectors of the economy. India
produces as many as 95 minerals which include 4 hydrocarbon energy minerals (coal, lignite,
petroleum & natural gas), 5 atomic minerals (ilmenite, rutile, zircon, uranium, and monazite),
10 metallic, 21 non-metallic, and 55 minor minerals. The Gross Value Added (GVA) of the