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Prices and Inflation 163
Table 2: Inflation in selected groups of CPI-Base 2012 (in per cent)
Description Weights 2019- 2020- 2020- 2021- Apr- May- Jun- Jul- Aug- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dec-
20 21 21^ 22# 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21 21(P)
All Groups 100 4.8 6.2 6.6 5.2 4.2 6.3 6.3 5.6 5.3 4.3 4.5 4.9 5.6
CFPI* 39.1 6.7 7.7 9.1 2.9 2.0 5.0 5.1 4.0 3.1 0.7 0.8 1.9 4.0
Food & 45.9 6.0 7.3 8.4 3.5 2.6 5.2 5.6 4.5 3.7 1.6 1.8 2.6 4.5
beverages
Cereals & 9.7 2.8 3.8 5.2 -0.6 -3.0 -1.4 -1.9 -1.7 -1.4 -0.6 0.4 1.5 2.6
products
Meat & fish 3.6 9.3 15.4 16.3 8.0 16.7 9.1 4.8 8.3 9.2 8.0 7.1 5.5 4.6
Egg 0.4 4.5 12.9 13.3 9.3 10.6 15.2 19.4 20.8 16.3 7.1 -1.4 -1.3 1.5
Milk & 6.6 2.9 5.4 6.4 2.4 -0.1 0.6 1.9 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.8
products
Oils & fats 3.6 2.9 16.0 14.0 30.9 25.9 30.9 34.8 32.5 33.1 34.2 33.6 29.7 24.3
Fruits 2.9 0.7 2.6 1.4 7.4 9.7 11.8 11.8 9.0 6.7 3.6 4.9 6.0 3.5
Vegetables 6.0 21.3 5.8 11.0 -11.3 -14.5 -1.9 -0.7 -7.8 -11.7 -22.4 -19.4 -13.6 -3.0
Pulses & 2.4 9.9 16.4 17.6 7.1 7.5 9.4 10.0 9.0 8.8 8.7 5.4 3.2 2.4
products
Sugar & 1.4 0.8 2.5 3.5 1.3 -6.0 -1.5 0.8 -0.5 -0.6 3.0 5.4 6.2 5.6
confectionery
Fuel & Light 6.8 1.3 2.7 2.3 12.2 8.0 11.9 12.6 12.4 12.9 13.6 14.3 13.3 11.0
CPI excl. 47.3 4.0 5.5 5.4 5.9 5.3 6.6 6.1 5.8 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.2 6.0
food and
fuel group
(Core)
Source: NSO P: Provisional * Consumer Food Price Index
^April to December 2020 # April to December 2021
Figure 3: Trends in CPI-C Headline, Core and Food inflation
14 Headline Core Food
12
Inflation rate (yoy) (per cent) 8 6 4 2
10
-2
-4 0
Jun-14 Dec-14 Jun-15 Dec-15 Jun-16 Dec-16 Jun-17 Dec-17 Jun-18 Dec-18 Jun-19 Dec-19 Jun-20 Dec-20 Jun-21 Dec-21
Source: NSO, MoSPI
5.7 Conventionally, core inflation is calculated by excluding ‘food and beverages’ and ‘fuel
and light’ groups from overall inflation. While in CPI-C, major fuel items such as ‘petrol for
1
1. ‘Fuel and light’ consist mainly of items used by households to meet their domestic fuel needs excluding that for
conveyance such as electricity, LPG, Kerosene and other fuels used for cooking. On the other hand, petrol and
diesel used for vehicles is included in the ‘transport and communication’ sub-group of the miscellaneous group.
