Page 320 - ES 2020-21_Volume-1-2 [28-01-21]
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JAY Ho: Ayushman Bharat's Jan  Arogya Yojana (JAY) and Health Outcomes  303


             9.38  On comparing health outcomes in West Bengal, which did not adopt PM-JAY with outcomes
             in the three neighbouring states – Bihar, Sikkim and Assam – some important differences emerge.
             Although the four states are not very different in terms of their demographics and household
             characteristics,  the difference  in improvements  of certain  maternal  and child  related  health
             outcomes has been higher in states with PM-JAY. This can be attributed to the impact of PM-
             JAY which was implemented in 2018. People with some health insurance jumped by 89 per cent
             from 2015-16 to 2019-20 in the neighbouring states while this proportion declined by 1 per cent
             in West Bengal in the same period. Infant mortality rate and under-5 mortality rates witnessed
             sharper declines in the neighbouring states that implemented PM-JAY than in West Bengal that
             did not implement it. Positive developments on the usage of family planning methods used were
             also higher for these states. Unmet needs of family planning services declined sharply in Bihar,
             Assam and Sikkim indicating effective delivery of primary care under PM-JAY.

             9.39  Differences  were  also  observed  in  delivery  of  healthcare  services. While  the  share  of
             population who were made aware about family planning options and side effects increased in all
             four states, the improvements were higher for the three states under PM-JAY. Utilisation of public
             health care infrastructure for caesarean deliveries was also higher in these states indicating a
             higher section of population that now accessed these services. These three states also witnessed
             significantly higher improvements in child vaccination and vitamin supplementation, treatment
             of childhood diseases like diarrhoea, as well as awareness about HIV/AIDS especially among
             female adults. We thus infer than PM-JAY is likely to have led to greater health awareness,
             better delivery of healthcare services and improved maternal and child care outcomes.
             Comparing all States that adopted PM-JAY versus those that did not

             9.40  Having  examined  the  impact  of  the  PM-JAY  on  the  health  outcomes  across  the
             geographically adjacent states in the last section we now undertake this comparison for all states
             by distinguishing between those states that implemented PM-JAY versus those that did not.

             9.41  An analysis of the population and household profiles across NFHS 4 and NFHS 5 suggests
             that the improvement in the various characteristics were similar in the states that implemented
             PM-JAY vis-à-vis states that did not (Figure 16).

                                 Figure 16: Population and Household Profile: All States






















                    Source: National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 4 and 5
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