Page 322 - ES 2020-21_Volume-1-2 [28-01-21]

JAY Ho: Ayushman Bharat's Jan Arogya Yojana (JAY) and Health Outcomes 305

9.44 PM-JAY has helped the Indian states in achieving reduced infant and child mortality rates
(Figure 19). Neonatal mortality rate (NNMR) declined by 22 per cent in the states that adopted
PM-JAY in comparison to a 16 per cent decline in states that did not adopt PM-JAY, an increment
of 6 per cent for states that adopted PM-JAY versus those that did not. Similarly, the reduction in
Infant mortality rate (IMR) was 20 per cent vis-à-vis 12 per cent in PM-JAY and non-PM-JAY
states respectively, an increment of 8 per cent for states that adopted PM-JAY versus those that
did not. While the Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) recorded a decline of 19 per cent in PM-
JAY states, it reduced by 14 per cent in the non-PM-JAY states, an increment of 5 per cent for
states that adopted PM-JAY versus those that did not.

Figure 19: Infant and Child Mortality Rates (per 1,000 live births): All States

Source: National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 4 and 5

9.45 The data on the use of distinct family planning measures represents that PM-JAY has
enabled an increased access to family planning in the Indian states. While the proportion of
people ensuring family planning rose across all the states between the two surveys, the increase
is much more significant in the states that adopted PM-JAY indicating its effectiveness. For
example; the proportion of people currently using any method of family planning rose by 15
per cent in the PM-JAY adopted states and only by 7 per cent (less than half) in the other states
(Figure 20).

9.46 Further, the PM-JAY has warranted a notable reduction in the unmet need of family
planning for the currently married women in the age group of 15-49 years. While the proportion
of women with total unmet family planning needs i.e. the proportion of women who are fertile
and desire to either terminate or postpone childbearing, but are not currently using any method
of contraception decreased by 31 per cent in the PM-JAY states, the decline in the non-PM-
JAY states was merely 10 per cent. Similarly, the proportion of women with unmet need
for spacing i.e. women who wish to postpone their next birth by a specified length of time,
reduced by 31 per cent in the PM-JAY states and by only 15 per cent in the non-PM-JAY states
(Figure 21).