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Services 331

Figure 8: Growth (YoY) in traffic at all ports

12
10
8
6 4
Per cent 2 0

-2
-4 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 (Apr-
-6 Nov)
-8

Source: Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways
9.43 Major ports handled traffic of around 465.4 million tonnes during April-November 2021,
growing by 12 per cent over same period last year. Almost all major ports (except SMP Kolkata,
Vizag and Mormugoa ports) recorded high growth in traffic, partly reflecting a rebound from
the low base during the same time last year. Kamarajar Port in Chennai recorded highest growth
of 70.9 per cent followed by JNPT Port at 27.9 per cent. Deendayal Port handled the maximum
Cargo of 85.12 MT during April-November 2021.
9.44 A key indicator of efficiency of the ports sector is the shipping Turnaround Time (TRT).
Over the last seven years, TRT at major ports has declined consistently from almost 3.64 days
in 2015-16 to 2.25 days in 2021 (April-December). The turnaround time is now the lowest at
the JNPT port (1.16 days) and the highest at the Visakhapatnam and Mormugao ports (Table 8).
Kamarajar port has shown biggest improvement in reducing average turnaround time from over
6.5 days in 2015-16 to less than 2 days in 2021-22 (April-December).

9.45 According to UNCTAD, the median ship turnaround time globally was 1 day in 2020. This
is slightly higher than the year 2019 where the turnaround time was 0.97 days. During 2020,
to contain the virus, terminal operators, authorities, and intermodal transport providers took
steps to reduce social contact. This slowed port operations, thereby increasing the time spent by
vessels on port.

Table 8: Average Ships’ Turnaround Time at Major Indian Ports (in days)
2021-22
PORT 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 @
(Apr- Dec)

Kolkata 3.98 4.73 4.11 3.84 4.21 3.18 2.87#
Haldia 3.27 3.45 3.76 3.04 3.62 3.09 2.46#
Paradip 4.50 4.99 3.31 2.51 2.98 2.42 2.28

Visakhapatnam 3.84 3.75 2.58 2.51 2.48 2.75 3.15
Kamarajar 6.53 2.70 2.20 1.97 1.85 1.79 1.95
(Ennore)
Chennai 2.53 2.51 2.21 1.98 2.00 2.14 2.24

V.O. 3.73 4.40 2.69 1.96 2.01 1.92 2.02
Chidambaranar