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324 Economic Survey 2020-21 Volume 1

Figure 6: Improving Equity in Access to Bare Necessities

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
2012
BNI 0.4
0.3 2018
0.2
0.1
0.0
Q1 Q5 Q1 Q5 Q1 Q5
India Rural Urban

Source: Survey calculations.

DRINKING WATER ACCESSIBILITY INDEX

10.11 The sub-index for access to drinking water, drinking water accessibility index, is

composed of sub-dimensions viz., the principal source of drinking water, distance from source

of water, nature of access, and method of taking out water. The indicators included from these

sub-dimensions are in terms of the per cent of households that have piped water into dwelling

or piped water to yard/plot, within dwelling or outside dwelling but within premises, have water

through tap, and exclusive use of the household or not.

10.12 The values of drinking water accessibility index for combined India, rural and urban for

2012 and 2018 are plotted in Figure 7. Most of the States are above the line, suggesting that the

access to drinking water to households in most of the States has improved in 2018 compared to
2012, in rural as well as in urban areas, (except for Andhra Pradesh in Rural and Andhra Pradesh
and Himachal Pradesh in urban areas). States such as Sikkim, Punjab, Haryana and Gujarat are

Figure 7: Improvements in Access to Drinking Water in 2018 vis-à-vis 2012

Source: Survey calculations.