Page 345 - ES 2020-21_Volume-1-2 [28-01-21]

328 Economic Survey 2020-21 Volume 1

Figure 14: Convergence Across States in Access to Housing

Source: Survey calculations.

Figure 15: Increasing Equity in Access to Housing

0.8
0.7
0.6
0.5
Housing Index 0.4 2012
2018
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.0
Q1 Q5 Q1 Q5 Q1 Q5
India Rural Urban

Source: Survey calculations.

MICRO-ENVIRONMENT INDEX

10.16 The micro-environment index measures the percentage of households who are living

in a dwelling unit with access to drainage (indicated in terms of access to drainage and quality

of drainage in terms of other than Katcha drainage), without problems of flies/mosquitoes

(indicated by other than severe), and efforts made by local bodies/State government to tackle

problem of flies/mosquitoes.
11.17 Micro-environment, as measured by the index, has improved in 2018 for all States,

except for Assam in rural and Odisha and Assam in urban areas, as compared to 2012 (Figure

16). Regional disparities have declined sharply in urban areas in 2018 vis-à-vis 2012, though

it was increased in the rural areas (Figure 17). The micro-environment is much better in urban

areas when compared to the rural areas, and the rural-urban gaps are large. The access to micro-
environment in 2018 has improved especially to the lowest income quintile in rural as well as in
urban areas (Figure 18).