Page 41 - ES 2020-21_Volume-1-2 [28-01-21]

24 Economic Survey 2020-21 Volume 1

1.36 A measure of the COVID-19 induced restrictions imposed by governments (Centre and
State) have been developed as a State-wise Stringency index (Box 5). After the nation-wide
lockdown was gradually eased, States were advised to impose restrictions as per the spread of the
pandemic in the State; thus the stringency of lockdown varied across States over time. Figure 20
shows that higher initial stringency in States during the period June to August has a significant
impact in controlling the spread in cases and deaths (at 10 per cent level of significance).

Box 5: Stringency Index for States in India

Objective of the stringency index is to capture the strictness of ‘lockdown style’ policies of respective
States that primarily restrict people’s behaviour. Index measures government responses by tracking 12
indicators. The information has been collated from State and Centre government specific lockdown
orders, press releases, newspaper articles etc (Table B1).

Table B1: Description of Indicators
No Containment/Closure Indicators Include/ description
C1 Inter state movement Public and private transport
C2 Intra state movement Public and private transport
C3 Night Curfews Restriction on movement/opening
C4 Shops & other business establishment Shops and industrial units
C5 Services Restaurants, Hotel & hospitality
C6 Places of Worship Temple, Masjid, Church and others
C7 Entertainment Theatres, Cinema hall, Entertainment parks
C8 Personal Services Spa, Parlor and salon
C9 Work Places Government and private offices
C10 School/Colleges School, college and educational institutions
C11 Large public Gathering Social/political/religious/academic/cultural/sports
C12 Marriage & funeral gathering People allowed in particular events

Table B2: Description of Indicators
Indicator
Values C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12
0 No No No No No No No No No No No No
restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction restriction
1 Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with Open with
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
SOP
marriage
Capacity/ Capacity/ Voluntary
E pass/ E pass/ 50
2 Capacity Capacity 8 hours Time Capacity Capacity Capacity Time Capacity Basis for Capacity- funeral-
restriction restriction Restri- restriction restriction restriction Restri- restriction higher 100 20
ctions ctions classes
Training
3 Closed Closed More than Closed Take away Closed Closed Not Closed Institutes/ less than less than
8 hours allowed Higher 100 50
Education
4 - - - - Closed - - - - Closed Restricted Restricted
Note: SOP – Standard Operating Procedure.
Sub-indices value (Ij) from C1to C12 is derived using formula as:
C j
I = ×100 ⇒ (1)
j
N
j