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382 Economic Survey 2021-22
Dadra and Nagar Haveli & Da- 2.1 1.8 983 817
man Diu (UT)
Lakshadweep (UT) 1.8 1.4 905 1,051
Puducherry (UT) 1.7 1.5 843 959
Ladakh (UT) 1.3 1125
Source: NFHS-5, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION
Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM)
10.81 Rolled out in August 2019, JJM envisioned to provide adequate safe drinking water
through individual household tap connections to all households in rural India by 2024. The goal
of the Mission is to enable every rural household to get assured supply of potable-piped water
at a service level of 55 litre per capita per day (lpcd) regularly on long-term basis and also to
ensure functionality of the tap water connections. The mission will benefit more than 19 crore rural
families or more than 90 crore rural population, bridge rural – urban divide, improve quality of
life, enhance ‘ease of living’ and public health. Special features of Jal Jeevan Mission are :
24
l Shift of focus for water supply from ‘habitations (hand pumps, public standposts, etc. at a
reasonable distance) to households’ (functional tap in house).
l Not limited only to creation of water supply infrastructure, focus is on assured supply of
potable water –‘service delivery’ & ‘functionality’ –to every home.
l Local village community owns, operates & maintains water supply system to ensure assured
water supply to every home.
l Central role of women: minimum 50 percent members of Village Water & Sanitation
Committee (VWSC)/ Pani Samitis are to be women and proportionate representation of
weaker sections of society.
l Priority to assured supply of potable-piped water in schools, anganwadi centres and
ashramshalas.
l Priority to villages/ habitations having water quality problems.
l Surveillance of water quality: training to five persons in every village, preferably women,
on using Field Test Kits for testing of water quality at village level. Water quality testing
laboratories opened to public to test samples on paying nominal charges.
l Long-term drinking water security: Village Action Plan (VAP) focusing on water sources,
supply systems, grey water reuse and operation & maintenance of these systems for long
term and regular tap water supply in every home.
l Making water everyone’s business by participation; raising awareness, community
mobilization and handholding.
24 Reforms in Rural Drinking Water Supply (Decentralized, demand-driven, community-managed water supply programme).
